Think back to a time when paramedics didn’t exist. When “drivers” simply brought injured patients to the hospital. When the EMS industry was in its infancy. A time before Nancy Caroline. Dr. Caroline’s work transformed EMS and the entire paramedic field. She created the first national standard curriculum for paramedic training in the United States. She also wrote the first paramedic textbook: Emergency Care in the Streets. The impact that Dr. Caroline had on EMS and health care spanned across the U.S. and abroad. From establishing EMS systems to training paramedics, to providing better nourishment and health care for orphans, her work had a profound impact on humanity. Throughout her life, Dr. Caroline brought a sense of excitement, joy, and humor to her work. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons is proud to continue Dr. Caroline’s legacy. Her sense of excitement and humor live on in this text, which is dedicated to her.